Scientists probe ways modern life can be fueling cancer among millennials, says Washington Post

There's been a "startling increase in cancer cases among millennials," according to an Advisory Board story that cites The Washington Post findings.

With the help of a bank of health experts, the Post has determined that "four potential environmental factors…could explain" the rise. They are maternal medicines, diet, circadian rhythm, and chemicals and microplastics.

The Advisory Board article states that the "trend of rising cancer rates among younger adults began with younger members of Generation X. But now, it's most apparent among millennials, who are being diagnosed in their early 40s or even younger."

According to the original Post article by Ariana Eunjung Cha, Álvaro Valiñe, and Dan Keating, "a growing number of scientists  are examining how the 'exposome' — or the total range of environmental exposures a person experiences throughout their life, even before birth — can impact a person's biology and risk of certain diseases."

Additional findings from a study released at an American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting are cited, to the effect that "millennials seemed to be aging biologically faster than older generations. This acceleration was associated with a significantly increased risk (up to 42%) for certain types of cancers, particularly those of the lung, gastrointestinal tract, and uterus."

Professor Gary Patti

The piece also cites research findings that "changes in everyday exposures may be accelerating aging, which makes the body more susceptible to diseases earlier than expected."

The story quotes Gary Patti, professor  of chemistry, genetics, and medicine at the University of Washington in St. Louis, as noting that "we've changed what we're exposed to considerably in the past few decades."

According to the story, Caitlin Murphy, a professor and cancer epidemiologist at the University of Chicago, While analyzing epidemiological data, had "discovered that cancer rates appeared to spike among millennials rather than just increasing with age."

Ultimately, the Washington Post article adds, "researchers say that the rise in cancer cases among younger adults reflects a deeper trend in human health. Several other major diseases, including heart disease and Alzheimer's, are not just being detected earlier, but are also starting earlier in life."

More information on trends in diseases can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, aVitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

 

Screening for lung cancer, the deadliest in U.S., misses most cases, new study reveals

Because of missed diagnoses, cancer and public health officials are calling for changes in lung cancer screening guidelines.

That conclusion, according to a recent story by Allyson Chiu in The Washington Post, was from a new study published in “JAMA Network Open,” a peer-reviewed journal.

Dr. Ankit Bharat

A majority of the lung cancer patients in this country would not meet the screening criteria as it  exists currently, the Post quoted Dr. Ankit Bharat, the study’s lead author and executive director of the Canning Thoracic Institute at Northwestern Medicine, as saying.

“If we have a more broader screening program, similar to breast and colon, then we would be able to detect substantially more patients at an earlier stage," he added.

 

The story indicates that if screening were made available for anyone between 40 and 80, nearly 94% of lung cancer cases could be detected, preventing at least roughly 26,000 deaths each year — "if even 30% of people get screened.”

 

The study had shown that of approximately 1,000 patients treated at Northwestern Medicine, only 1/3 met the requirements for screening. Eligible were people 50 to 80 who had a history of heavy smoking in the past 15 years, but women, minorities, and people who never smoked “were disproportionately excluded.”

 

Bharat noted that “lung cancer is the biggest cause of cancer deaths in this country. It kills more people than breast, colon, and prostate put together.”

 

The Post piece also quoted Dr. Narjust Florez, a thoracic medical oncologist and co-director of the Young Lung Cancer Program at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, to the effect that “waiting for symptoms leads to most patients having a Stage 4 diagnosis.”

More information on studies can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, aVitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

American Cancer Society opens up new guidelines for cervical cancer screening

The American Cancer Society (ACS) has changed its guidelines for cervical cancer, saying self-collected vaginal swab tests are now acceptable.

 

But according to a recent story by Allyson Chiu in The Washington Post, clinician-collected cervical samples “are still preferred.”

 

The tests are aimed at human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection that “causes nearly all cervical cancers,” the article maintains

 

Jane Montealegre

Self-collection could be "a game-changer for increasing screening, Chiu quotes Jane Montealegre, associate prof in the  department of behavioral sciences at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, as saying.

Roughly 13,000 new cases of the disease are diagnosed in the United Staters annually, and about 4,000 women die, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

 

Chiu writes that data shows that screening rates have declined in the past 20 years — although cancer incidence had been cut by more than half since the mid-1970s.

 

Montealegre — who also claims that most insurance should cover HPV testing, including self-collected — says a self-collected test could be a good option for women who aren’t comfortable getting as pelvic exam or don’t have access to one. 

 

But, she adds, if you’re interested in self-collection, you should ask your physician to make the option available, and you should make sure the test you use has received Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

 

“If they’re not FDA-approved, I wouldn't trust that as a valid screening test,” the Post quoted her again.

More information on new medical guidelines can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

New version of cancer drug Keytruda is 'easier' but poised to keep price high, N.Y. Times reports

Although drug manufacturer Merck says its new injected version of Keytruda will be cheaper and easier,  prices will probably stay high.

That conclusion was drawn in a recent story by Rebecca Robbins in The New York Times.

A subhead in the online article, which labels the original drug a "blockbuster," says the new version, which was given Federal Drug Administration last Friday, "stands to slow the adoption of cheaper competitors and increase costs by billions of dollars."

Dr. Benjamin Rome

The new version, Keytruda Qlex, is given via a shot under the skin while the original therapy is given through tubes as an intravenous infusion, the piece notes.

Merck, whose original patent is scheduled to run out in 2028, "followed a well-worn playbook," Robbins' story says, explaining that the corporation's "strategy is known as a product 'hop.' A company rides out its monopoly on the original drug, and then, a few years before competition reaches the market, the drugmaker 'hops' to a new version that remains protected by patents."

The Times article quotes Dr. Benjamin Rome, health policy researcher at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, as saying that "we probably don't want to be paying so much much for these small additions on the tail end of a product that has already made billions of dollars."

Robbins' piece also reports that Democrat Sen. Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders of Vermont "have accused Merck of abusing the patent system with the new Keytruda shot."

Dr. Marjorie Green, a  Merck exec, has called the new version "a meaningful advance," according to the Times.

Keytruda, which has been given 2.9 million patients and is "approved to treat 18 types of cancer, including of the skin, lung, breast, and colon," helped former President Jimmy Carter "extend his life by nearly a decade," the story adds. 

The drug, which accounts for nearly half of Merck's revenue, has generated $146 billion  in sales for the business. 

The new kinds of injections "have proved popular with hospitals," the story says, "because they free up infusion chairs for patients receiving chemotherapy and allow them to treat more patients." In a clinical study funded by Merck, the piece continues, "the Keytruda shot, injected into the stomach area or thigh, took about two minutes to administer compared with 30 minutes for the original infusion."

More information on drugs can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

Marathon and extreme runners much more likely to have pre-cancerous colon polyps, study says

A new study conducted by a Virginia doctor shows that comparatively young marathon and ultra-marathon runners are more apt to have pre-cancerous colon growths.

Dr. Timothy Cannon

The study by oncologist Timothy Cannon, who tested colonoscopies at the Inova Schar Cancer Institute in Fairfax, Va., on 100 volunteers aged 35 to 50, was showcased yesterday in a story by Roni Caryn Rabin in The New York Times.

"The results," the article says, "were staggering. Almost half the participants had polyps, and 15 percent had advanced adenomas likely to become cancerous."

The new study, the piece continued, "comes amid heightened concerns about a rise in colon and rectal cancer rates among adults under 50, a population that  historically has had a low risk of cancer."

Cannon, who ran the New York City marathon in 2010, is quoted believing that "after what I've seen from my patients and what we've found here, that extreme exercise may increase the risk."

As for continuing to run, he added that "you never want to give people an excuse not to exercise, because by and large we have bigger problems from people not exercising enough.

More information on what can cause the disease can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

3 out of 5 liver cancers are preventable, new study discovers; cases could double in 25 years

Sixty percent of the 700,000 people who die each year from liver cancer could be prevented, reports a new study published in the journal Lancet.

That comprehensive research, according to a recent story by Nina Agrawal in The New York Times, finds that "prevention could be accomplished by addressing the disease's major causes: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-associated liver disease, and liver disease linked to metabolic risk factors like obesity."

Dr. Brian P. Lee

The Times article quotes Dr. Brian P. Lee, an associate professor of medicine at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, who was not involved in the study, to the effect that "liver cancer is common, it causes immense suffering and death, and the saddest part for me as a physician is that most of the cases are preventable."

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of death each year from cancer. There are nearly 900,000 new annual cases globally, Agrawal's piece indicates.

The story also quotes Dr. Ahmed Kaseb, a professor of gastrointestinal medical oncology at the University of University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, who also wasn't associated with the study, as suggesting that the threat of liver cancer from heavy alcohol use and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, "has been under-recognized and underestimated." 

Dr., Hashem El-Serag, chair of the department of medicine at Baylor College of Medicine in Texas and one of the authors of the new study, maintains that a vast majority of liver cancers arise in people with cirrhosis, advanced and largely irreversible scarring of the liver, which is definitively linked to heavy  alcohol consumption.

More information on the variety of cancers can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my website at https://woodyweingarten.com for details.

Face of lung cancer — once older men with a history of smoking — has changed significantly

Many lung cancers are now found in non-smokers, and scientists want to know why.

According to the headline of a story by Nina Agrawal and Allison Jiang in The New York Times early this week, "the face of lung cancer — once older men with a history of smoking — has changed." Significantly.

Lung cancer is the deadliest cancer in the United States, notes the article that then goes on to say that "the disease's incidence and death rates have dropped over the last few decades, thanks largely to a decline in cigarette use, but lung cancers unrelated to smoking have persisted."

Worldwide, "roughly 10 to 25 percent of lung cancers now occur in people who have never smoked," the piece continues, "Among certain groups of Asian and Asian American women, that share is estimated to be 50 per cent or more."

Dr. Maria Teresa Landi

The thinking used to be that smoking was "almost the only cause of lung cancer," the story quotes Dr. Maria Teresa Landi, a senior investigator at the National Cancer Institute, which is part of the National Institutes of Health. 

Landi is studying "the role that environmental exposure, genetic mutations, or other risk factors might play. She and other researchers "have already found some early hints, including a clear link to air pollution," Agrawal and Jiang's article states.

The piece also quotes Dr. Heather Wakelee, chief of oncology  at the Stanford University School of Medicine, to the effect that "we all still think about the Marlboro man as whaat lung cancer looks like." 

In many cases, however, that's no longer the case. "We're just baffled as to why," Wakelee adds.

One large study led by Landi and colleagues at the University of California, San Diego, the Times story reports, "is looking at the mutational signatures, or patterns of mutations across the cancer genomes, of 871 non-smokers with lung cancer from around the world."

Their latest findings from the study, dubbed Sherlock Lung and published in Nature this month, "showed that certain mutations, or changes to DNA, were much more common in people who lived in areas with high amounts of air pollution —  for example, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Uzbekistan," the article says.

More information on the multiple kinds of cancer can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten, aimed at caregivers. I am, in fact, hard at work on a second edition. 

My other books are Mystery Dates — How to keep the sizzle in our relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my blog at https://woodyweingarten.com for more info on them.

Cutting-edge cancer therapy offers hope for cure for patients with lupus, New York Times reports

A relatively new treatment called CAR T-cell therapy appears to stop lupus in its tracks, according to a recent story by Nina Agrawal in The New York Times.

Her article explains that the treatment is "a kind of 'living drug' that modifies patients' immune cells to help them attack misbehaving ones."

Agrawal's piece quotes Dr. Lisa Sammaritano, a rheumatologist at the Hospital for Special Surgery — Weill Cornell Medicine and the lead author of a set of recently updated guidelines for lupus treatment, as saying, "It's really promising, and honestly the first therapy that we've talked about as a cure. [Until now] we haven't had a cure — we've had control." 

She adds a major caveat, to the effect that she's "hoping that it's a common future therapy, but we're not at the point yet where we can say that with confidence."

CAR T-cell therapy, the Times story notes, is one that "must be personalized to each patient [and therefore] is extraordinarily expensive." One-time costs approach half a million dollars or more.

Symptoms of lupus typically appear between the ages of 15 and 44, with 90 percent of the 3 million patients worldwide being women.

Dr. Meghan Sise

Half of lupus patients, the Agrawal story says, "have inflammation in their kidneys, a condition known as lupus nephritis. Between 10 and 30 percent of these patients will eventually need dialysis or a kidney transplant transplant, [says] Dr. Meghan Sise, the director of onconephrology at Massachusetts General Hospital."

Dr. April Barnado

The disease can cause joint pain, rashes, severe fatigue, and inflammation in organs, the story quotes Dr.. April Barnado, rheumatologist and assistant professor of medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, as saying.

It often strikes, she adds, "at a time when women are raising families, or they're caregiving, or they're trying to get promoted at work. They wake up and feel like they have the flu or a viral infection a few days a week every week. That's pretty debilitating."

Lupus, formally labeled systemic lupus erythematosus, according to the article "is an autoimmune condition in which he body develops antibodies against its own DNA and other cellular material.  The name derives fro m the Latin for 'wolf,' because the skin lesions the disease sometimes causes were once thought to resemble wolf bites, some say." 

More information on treatments and drugs can be found in Rollercoaster: How a man can survive his partner's breast cancer, a VitalityPress book that I, Woody Weingarten aimed at male caregivers. My other books are MysteryDates — How to keep the sizzle in your relationship; The Roving I, a compilation of 70 of my newspaper columns; and Grampy and His Fairyzona Playmates, a whimsical fantasy intended for 6- to 10-year-olds that I co-authored with my then 8-year-old granddaughter. Check out my blog at https://woodyweingarten.com for even more info.